Alterações agudas induzidas por uma prova de triathlon longo em diferentes biomarcadores enzimáticos e da função imune
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33233/rbfe.v11i1.3373Resumo
Objectivo: Analisar as alterações hematológicas agudas induzidas por uma prova de triathlon longo. Avaliou-se o comportamento de diversos biomarcadores enzimáticos e da função imune em atletas portugueses masculinos de triathlon. Métodos: 10 atletas seniores masculinos (31,5 ± 1,2 anos; 69,3 ± 1,9 kg; 177,7 ± 1,4 cm; 22,0 ± 0,8 de IMC e 10,1 ± 2,2 % GC) divididos em grupos elite e não-elite. Foram recolhidas amostras de sangue venoso periférico antes e imediatamente após as provas. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva, testes não-paramétricos de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney e coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Verificou-se o aumento da actividade das enzimas CK e AST (p < 0,05) em ambos os grupos. O aumento da actividade da enzima GGT (p < 0,05) ocorreu somente no grupo elite. Foi constatado, em ambos os grupos, um aumento da contagem leucocitária, fundamentalmente expressa pelo aumento da contagem de neutrófilos (p < 0,05). Após a prova, registou-se a diminuição da relação CD4/CD8 e aumento das concentrações dos linfócitos T CD3+CD8+, T CD4+reg e T CD4+CD69+ nos atletas dos grupos não-elite. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados sugerem que a intensidade e a duração da prova de triathlon condicionam as respostas dos diversos biomarcadores analisados em função do nível de treino dos atletas.
Palavras-chave: triathlon, treino, actividade enzimática, sistema imune, linfócitos.
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