Atividade cerebral relacionada ao apetite e exercí­cio fí­sico: implicações para a ingestão alimentar e controle do peso corporal

Autores

  • Alexandre Hideki Okano UFRN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33233/rbfe.v11i1.3381

Resumo

Conhecimentos sobre exercí­cio fí­sico e apetite são importantes tanto para atletas que almejam aumento do desempenho fí­sico quanto para aqueles interessados na manutenção do peso corporal saudável. Componentes tanto homeostáticos quanto hedônicos, responsáveis pela sensação de prazer e atração pelo alimento controlam sinais de fome e saciedade em vias periféricas e centrais. Os sinais advindos da periferia fornecem informação sobre o estado nutricional corporal ao sistema nervoso central. Este último media e integra os sinais de fome e saciedade e após isto, formula uma resposta fisiológica que regula o comportamento alimentar do indiví­duo. Pessoas obesas têm demonstrado diminuição expressiva da variabilidade da frequência cardí­aca, aumento da atividade do nervo simpático, alteração do metabolismo hormonal e estimulação gástrica. Além disso, uma anormal atividade hipocampal foi identificada em resposta aos sinais de saciedade, comprometendo assim, todo
controle da ingestão alimentar de obesos. Esta anormal atividade neuronal persiste em indiví­duos que já foram obesos, fazendo com que altos riscos ao reganho de peso possa ocorrer. A prática de exercí­cio fí­sico gera manutenção e perda do peso corporal, repercutindo tanto para melhorias no balanço energético quanto para o sistema de regulação do apetite. Estes benefí­cios parecem ser influenciados pela intensidade e duração do exercí­cio.

Palavras-chave: anorexia induzida pelo exercí­cio, grelina, fome, saciedade, leptina.

Biografia do Autor

Alexandre Hideki Okano, UFRN

Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Biologia Integrativa do Exercí­cio – GEPEBIEX, Departamento de Educação Fí­sica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Laboratório de Atividade Fí­sica e Promoção da Saúde – LABSAU, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ,

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Publicado

2019-11-13