Pandemias e COVID-19 transformam o mundo: uma análise de contextos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33233/eb.v20i2.4442Palavras-chave:
pandemias; controle de doenças transmissíveis; infecções por coronavírus; isolamento social; profissionais de enfermagemResumo
Introdução: As doenças infectocontagiosas fazem parte da história humana e trouxeram muitos aprendizados que são utilizados na pandemia emergente da COVID-19. Objetivo: Descrever os aspectos históricos das principais pandemias e os impactos da COVID-19 no mundo. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo reflexivo que contou com o auxílio de publicações recentes relacionadas a esta proposta, a partir do referencial de análise de contexto, que apresenta quatro aspectos interativos: nível contextual histórico; nível contextual imediato; nível contextual geral e metacontexto. Resultados: No nível contextual histórico foram descritas as concepções históricas das principais pandemias que acometeram a humanidade. Em seguida, no nível contextual imediato foram abordados os aspectos atuais da COVID-19. Já no nível contextual geral foi feita uma reflexão dos impactos relevantes da pandemia. Por último, no nível de metacontexto é analisado alguns dos desafios sociais impostos pelo coronavírus. Conclusão: Os aspectos históricos das pandemias subsidiam medidas preventivas à COVID-19, sobretudo ao que se refere à concepção do distanciamento social. Ressalta-se o desafio no enfrentamento ao coronavírus e a necessidade de capacitação do profissional de enfermagem no ambiente da assistência em alta complexidade. Por fim, os inúmeros desafios impostos pela COVID-19 representam oportunidades de aprendizado para implementar melhores estratégias em futuras pandemias.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Regimar Carla Machado, Paulo Willians Lopes, Fernanda Nunes da Silva, Thulssa Auxiliadora Gomes Medeiros dos Santos, Simone Isidoro Prado, Andressa Rodrigues de Souza
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