Las pandemias y el COVID-19 transforman el mundo: un análisis de contextos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33233/eb.v20i2.4442Palabras clave:
pandemias; control de enfermedades transmisibles; infecciones por coronavirus; aislamiento social; profesionales de enfermeríaResumen
Introducción: Las enfermedades infecciosas son parte de la historia de la humanidad y han traído muchos aprendizajes que se utilizan en la pandemia emergente de COVID-19. Objetivo: Describir los aspectos históricos de las principales pandemias y los impactos del COVID-19 en el mundo. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio reflexivo que contó con la ayuda de publicaciones recientes relacionadas con esta propuesta, basado en el marco de análisis de contexto, que presenta cuatro aspectos interactivos: nivel contextual histórico; nivel contextual inmediato; nivel contextual general y metacontexto. Resultados: En el nivel contextual histórico, se describieron las concepciones históricas de las principales pandemias que afectaron a la humanidad. En seguida, en el nivel contextual inmediato, se abordaron los aspectos actuales de COVID-19. A nivel contextual general, se hizo una reflexión sobre los impactos relevantes de la pandemia. Por último, a nivel del metacontexto, se analizan algunos de los desafíos sociales que impone el coronavirus. Conclusión: Los aspectos históricos de las pandemias apoyan las medidas preventivas del COVID-19, especialmente en lo que respecta al concepto de distanciamiento social. Se destaca el desafío de afrontar el coronavirus y la necesidad de formación del profesional de enfermería en el ambiente de cuidados de alta complejidad. Finalmente, los innumerables desafíos impuestos por el COVID-19 representan oportunidades de aprendizaje para implementar mejores estrategias en futuras pandemias.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Regimar Carla Machado, Paulo Willians Lopes, Fernanda Nunes da Silva, Thulssa Auxiliadora Gomes Medeiros dos Santos, Simone Isidoro Prado, Andressa Rodrigues de Souza
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
