Analysis of the systematization of nursing care to people with invasive mechanical ventilation

Abstract

Introduction: Invasive Mechanical ventilation is an invasive therapy to address severe respiratory distress that is commonly used in intensive care patients, and nurses are responsible for caring for people on mechanical ventilation. Objective: To analyze the systematization of nursing care for people undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation therapy in an intensive and semi-intensive care unit. Methods: This is an exploratory descriptive study, with a quantitative and qualitative approach. The study was carried out at a University Hospital in the city of Petrolina/PE. The sample consisted of Nurses, and a questionnaire was applied, encompassing: sociodemographic and labor variables, Nursing diagnoses and interventions used in the care of patients on Mechanical ventilation. Quantitative analysis was performed using simple and correlative descriptive statistics; and qualitative analysis using the IRAMUTEQ software. Results: Impaired gas exchange, risk of infection, risk of bronchoaspiration and impaired spontaneous ventilation were described as nursing diagnoses. Among the most prevalent Nursing care, airway aspiration and elevation of the head between 30º and 45º. The lack of in-service training on invasive mechanical ventilation was reported by 56.25% of study participants; and 47% reported that they did not take undergraduate classes on this subject. Conclusion: The main Nursing care provided to the patient on Mechanical ventilation was related to the prevention of infections, airway care and clinical surveillance of the patient and his ventilatory parameters. Among the challenges reported by the nurses, the insufficient graduation training related to the theme and the lack of in-service training stand out.