O processo de degeneração walleriana e os eventos moleculares nele envolvidos: uma revisão com enfoque no sistema nervoso periférico

Autores

  • Solange Canavarro Ferreira Universidade Estácio de Sá

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33233/fb.v1i2.620

Resumo

A descoberta do fenômeno de degeneração Walleriana por Augustus Waller em 1850 foi de tal forma determinante para os conceitos da neurociência então vigentes que tornou-se a base de muitas outras descobertas no campo da neurobiologia. O conhecimento dos eventos moleculares envolvidos no processo de degeneração walleriana pode ajudar na compreensão do fenômeno em si, do prognóstico das mais diversas lesões do sistema nervoso periférico e por fim, pode dar pistas para a interrupção do processo propriamente dito. Esta revisão tem o objetivo de discorrer sobre a seqüência de eventos envolvidos neste processo, a fim de dar auxí­lio ao fisioterapeuta que se vê diante de uma lesão do sistema nervoso periférico para que saiba o que esperar em termos prognósticos.

Palavras-chave: degeneração Walleriana, sistema nervoso periférico, neuropatias periféricas.

Biografia do Autor

Solange Canavarro Ferreira, Universidade Estácio de Sá

M.Sc., Fisioterapeuta-assistente do Hospital de Força Aérea do Galeão, Coordenadora de pós-graduação lato sensu em Fisioterapia da Universidade Estácio de Sá

Referências

Angevine JB. The Nervous Tissue in: A textbook of Histology. In: Bloom ER, Fawcett DW, eds. Chapman e Hall; 1994. p.309-66.

Schwartz JH. The cytology of neurons, In: Kandell ER, Schwartz JH, Jessel TM Principles of neural science. Elsevier; 1985. p.27-35.

Peters A, Palay SL, Webster HF. The fine structure of the nervous system – Neurons and their supporting cells. Oxford; 1991. p 212 –272.

Alberts B, Bray D, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Watson JD. Molecular Biology of the Cell.; Garland Publishing 1994.

Bertold C, Rydmark M. Morphology of normal peripheral axons. In: The Axon Waxmann SG, Kocsis JD, Stys PK, eds. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1995. p.15-48.

Waxman SG, Black JA. Macromolecular structure of the Schwann cell membrane: perinodal microvili. J Neurol Sci 1987;77:23-34.

Donat JR, Wisniewsky HM. The spatio-temporal pattern of Wallerian degeneration in mammalian peripheral nerves. Brain Res 1973;53:41-53.

Malbouisson AMB, Ghabriel MN, Allt G. The non-directional pattern of axonal changes in Wallerian degeneration: a computer-aided morphometric analysis. J Anat 1984;139(1):159-74.

Malbouisson AMB, Ghabriel MN, Allt G. Axonal degeneration in large and small nerve fibres – an electron microscopic and morphometric study. J Neurological Sci 1985;67:307-318.

Griffin JW, George EB, Hsieh S, Glass JD. Axonal degeneration and disorders of the axonal cytoskeleton. In: The Axon, Waxmann SG, Kocsis JD, Stys PK, eds. Oxford: Oxford University Pres;s 1995. p.375-90.

Ballin RHM, Thomas PK. Changes at the node of Ranvier during Wallerian degeneration: an electron microscope study. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 1969;14:237-49.

Jessel TM. Reactions of Neurons to Injury in “Principles of Neural Science†Kandell ER, Schwartz JH, Jessel TM. Elsevier;1985. p.27-35.

Schlaepfer WW, Hasler MB. Characterization of the calcium-induced disruption of neurofilaments in rat peripheral nerve. Brain Res 1979;168:299-309.

Kamakura K, Ushiura S, Sugita S, Tokoyura Y. Identification of Ca2+ activated neutral protease in the peripheral nerves and its effects on neurofilament degeneration. J Neurochem 1983;40:908-913.

Glass JD, Schryer B, Griffin JW. Calcium mediated degeneration of the axonal cytoskeleton in the Ola mouse. J Neurochem 1994;62:2472-5.

George EB, Glass, J. D. And Griffin, J. W. 1995. Axotomy-induced axonal degeneration is mediated by calcium influx through ion-specific channels. J Neurosci 1995;15:6445-52.

Martinez AMB, Ribeiro LCV. Ultrastructural localization of calcium in peripheral nerve fibres undergoing Wallerian degeneration: an oxalate-pyroantimoniate and X-ray microanalysis study. J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 1998;30(3):451-8.

Lubinska L, Jastreboff P. Early course of Wallerian degeneration in myelinated fibres of the phrenic nerve. Brain Res 1977;130:47-63.

Griffin JW, Hoffman PN. Degeneration and regeneration in the peripheral nervous system. In: Dick PJ, Thomas PK, Griffin JW, Low PA, Poduslo J. Peripheral neuropathy, Philadelphia: Saunders; 1993. p. 361-76.

Vidal-Sanz M, Bray GM, Villegas-Pérez MP, Thanos S, Aguayo AJ. Axonal regeneration and synapse formation in the superior coliculus by retinal ganglion cells in the adult rat. J Neurosci 1987;7:2894-909.

Berry M, Rees L, Hall S, Yiu P, Sievers J. Optic axons regenerate into sciatic nerve isografts only in the presence of Schwann cells. Brain Res Bull 1988;20:223-31.

Raisman G.. Use of Schwann cells to induce repair of adult CNS tracts. Rev Neurol 1997;153:8-9;521-525.

Downloads

Publicado

2016-12-10