Tratamento do diabetes mellitus do tipo 1 com células tronco
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33233/nb.v15i3.214Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma doença crônica caracterizada pela alta taxa de glicose no sangue e que, a longo prazo, pode ocasionar complicações e sérios danos ao coração, vasos sanguíneos, olhos, rins e nervos. A incidência de indivíduos portadores de diabetes tem aumentado no mundo todo. O diabete pode ser classificado em três diferentes categorias: DM tipo 1, DM tipo 2 e DM gestacional. O atual avanço no conhecimento e utilização das células-tronco tem se mostrado eficaz e promissor no tratamento de algumas doenças, em especial do DM1. O tratamento empregado para o DM1 é a administração de insulina, que controla a glicemia dos pacientes. No entanto, o tratamento com insulina não leva í restauração das células beta-pancreáticas e não evita o aparecimento de complicações secundárias de forma definitiva. O transplante de ilhotas pancreáticas como alternativa tem como limitação o uso de terapia imunossupressora, a rejeição imune e a falta de doadores do órgão. Dessa forma essa atualização relata estudos que proporcionam o desenvolvimento de células beta pancreáticas, responsáveis pela síntese e secreção de insulina, a partir de células-tronco para tratamento do DM1.
Palavras-chave: diabetes, células-tronco embrionárias, hiperglicemia, pâncreas.Â
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