Barriers to physical activity and associated factors in public school teachers – an transversal epidemiological study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33233/rbfex.v21i2.5067Keywords:
behavior and behavior mechanisms; exercise; obesity; psychology, sports; teachers; epidemiologyAbstract
Introduction: Teachers have a high prevalence of insufficient physical activity (PA) levels. However, the barriers to the practice of PA in this population and their associated factors are still not established in the literature. Objective: To describe the barriers to PA and identify associated factors in public school teachers. Methods: The sample was composed of 246 teachers (45.2 ± 10.4 years, 76% women). Barriers to PA, socioeconomic status, work-related factors, and habitual level of PA were assessed by questionnaire. The PA level according to each reported barrier was compared by analysis of variance and the association between barriers for PA and the categories of independent variables was analyzed by binary logistic regression. Results: Lack of Time (LT) and laziness, tiredness, or discouragement (LTD) were the most widely reported barriers (36.2% and 35.0%, respectively). Obese teachers were more likely to report LTD (OR = 2.34, p < 0.05) and less likely to report no barrier to PA (OR = 0.07, p < 0.05), when compared with teachers with normal weight. Teachers who reported working 21-30 hours per week were more likely to report LTD than those who worked 20 hours or less per week (OR = 4.12, p < 0.05). Teachers with a moderate-to-low PA level in leisure-time and sports practice were more likely to report LTD as the main barrier to PA (OR = 2.53, p < 0.05 and OR = 2.29, p < 0.05; respectively). Conclusion: LT and LTD were the most frequently reported barriers to PA by teachers. LTD was associated with obesity, higher hours worked, and lower levels of PA in leisure-time and sports practice.
References
Lee IM, Shiroma EJ, Lobelo F, Puska P, Blair SN, Katzmarzyk PT. Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. Lancet 2012;380(9838):219-29. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61031-9
Owen N. Strategic initiatives to promote participation in physical activity. Health Promot Int. 1996;11(3):213-8. doi: 10.1093/heapro/11.3.213
Herazo-Beltrán Y, Pinillos Y, Vidarte J, Crissien E, Suarez D, García R. Predictors of perceived barriers to physical activity in the general adult population: a cross-sectional study. Braz J Phys Ther 2017;21(1):44-50. doi: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2016.04.003
Garcez AS, Canuto R, Paniz VMV. Association between work shift and the practice of physical activity among workers of a poultry processing plant in southern Brazil. Nutr Hosp 2015;31(5):2174-81. doi: 10.3305/nh.2015.31.5.8628
Mailey EL, Huberty J, Dinkel D, McAuley E. Physical activity barriers and facilitators among working mothers and fathers. BMC Public Health 2014;14:657. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-657
Scheuch K, Haufe E, Seibt R. Teachers' Health. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2015;112(20):347-56. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2015.0347
Brito WF, Santos CL, Marcolongo AA, Campos MD, Bocalini DS, Antonio EL, et al. Physical activity levels in public school teachers. Rev Saude Publica 2012;46(1):104-9. doi: 10.1590/S0034-89102012000100013
Rosales-Ricardo Y, Orozco D, Yaulema L, Parreño A, Caiza V, Barragán V, et al. Physical activity and health in teachers. A review. Apunts Med Esport 2017;52(196):159-66. https://www.apunts.org/en-pdf-X1886658117620868
Committee on Physical Activity and Physical Education in the School Environment; Food and Nutrition Board; Institute of Medicine; Kohl HW III, Cook HD, editors. Educating the Student Body: Taking Physical Activity and Physical Education to School [Internet]. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2013. 6, Approaches to Physical Activity in Schools. [cited 2022 Apr 7]. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK201495/
von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP. STROBE Initiative. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE)statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol 2008;61(4):344-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008
Agranonik M, Hirakata VN. Sample size calculation: proportions. Rev HCPA [Internet] 2011[cited 2022 Apr 4];31:382-8. Available from: https://select-statistics.co.uk/calculators/sample-size-calculator-population-proportion/#:~:text=n%20%3D%20N*X%20%2F%20(,N%20is%20the%20 population%20size
Florindo AA, Latorre MRD, Jaime PC, Tanaka T, Zerbini CAF. Methodology to evaluation the habitual physical activity in men aged 50 years or more. Rev Saude Publica 2004;38(2):307-14. doi: 10.1590/S0034-89102004000200022
Justine M, Azizan A, Hassan V, Salleh Z, Manaf H. Barriers to participation in physical activity and exercise among middle-aged and elderly individuals. Singapore Med J 2013;54(10):581-6. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2013203
Instituto Brasileiro de Opinião Pública e Estatística. Levantamento sócio econômico-2009-IBOPE [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro. [cited 2022 Apr 7]. Available at: www.abep.org/novo/CMS/Utils/ FileGenerate.ashx?id=46
World Health Organization. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser [Internet]. 1995 [cited 2022 Apr 7];854:1-452. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8594834/
Rech CR, Camargo EM, Araujo PAB, Loch MR, Reis RS. Perceived barriers to leisure-time physical activity in the Brazilian population. Rev Bras Med Esporte 2018;24(4):303-9. doi: 10.1590/1517-869220182404175052
Kelly S, Martin S, Kuhn I, Cowan A, Brayne C, Lafortune L. Barriers and facilitators to the uptake and maintenance of healthy behaviours by people at mid-life: a rapid systematic review. PLoS One 2016;11(1):e0145074. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145074
Planchard JH, Corrion K, Lehmann L, d'Arripe-Longueville F. Worksite Physical activity barriers and facilitators: a qualitative study based on the transtheoretical model of change. Front Public Health 2018;6:326. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00326
Kristiansen J, Lund SP, Persson R, Shibuya H, Nielsen PM, Scholz M. A study of classroom acoustics and school teachers' noise exposure, voice load and speaking time during teaching, and the effects on vocal and mental fatigue development. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2014;87(8):851-60. doi: 10.1007/s00420-014-0927-8
Zhang Y, Yang Z, Chen Y, Li R, Geng H, Dong W, et al. Fine chalk dust induces inflammatory response via p38 and ERK MAPK pathway in rat lung. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018;25(2):1742-51. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0558-1
Lee K, Suh C, Kim JE, Park JO. The impact of long working hours on psychosocial stress response among white-collar workers. Ind Health 2016;55(1):46-53. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2015-0173
Campos IC, Serafim AC, Custódio KV, Silva L, Cruz RM. Moral harassment of public schools teachers. Work 2012;41(Suppl 1):2001-7. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0422-2001
Samir N, Mahmud S, Khuwaja AK. Prevalence of physical inactivity and barriers to physical activity among obese attendants at a community health-care center in Karachi, Pakistan. BMC Res Notes 2011;4:174. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-174
Al-Mohannadi AS, Farooq A, Burnett A, Van Der Walt M, Al-Kuwari MG. Impact of climatic conditions on physical activity: a 2-year cohort study in the Arabian Gulf region. J Phys Act Health 2016;13(9):929-37. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2015-0593
Andersen LL, Clausen T, Persson R, Holtermann A. Perceived physical exertion during healthcare work and risk of chronic pain in different body regions: prospective cohort study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2013;86(6):681-7. doi: 10.1007/s00420-012-0808-y
Rokade PB. Release of endomorphin hormone and its effects on our body and moods: A Review International Conference on Chemical, Biological and Environment Sciences (ICCEBS) Bangkok. 2011 [Internet]. [cited 2022 Apr 7]. Available from: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Release-of-Endomorphin-Hormone-and-Its-Effects-on-A-Rokade/d9d6a77f113bb866ea1588edf646a60e25ca1755
Melancon MO, Lorrain D, Dionne IJ. Changes in markers of brain serotonin activity in response to chronic exercise in senior men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2014;39(11):1250-6. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0092
WHO. World Health Organization. Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health. Geneva: WHO; 2010.
Loef B, Hollander EL, Boot CR, Proper KI. Physical activity of workers with and without chronic diseases. Prev Med Rep 2015;3:30-5. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.11.008
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 William Rodrigues Tebar, Fernanda Caroline Staquecini Gil, Leandro Dragueta Delfino, Romulo Araújo Fernandes, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Jefferson Souza, Jorge Mota, Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which allows the sharing of work with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this magazine; Authors are authorized to assume additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this journal (eg, publish in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), with acknowledgment of authorship and initial publication in this journal; Authors are allowed and encouraged to publish and distribute their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their personal page) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this can generate productive changes as well as increase impact and citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
