Applicability of vibrational spectroscopy in the analysis of liquid biopsy after a cycling time-trial test
Original article - e235548 - Published 2024, Dec 15
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33233/rbfex.v23i3.5548Keywords:
bicycling, spectroscopy, athlete, FTIR, chemometricsAbstract
Introduction: Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (ATR-FTIR) is a technique that analyzes biochemical changes and monitors physiological responses; however, chemometric methods are required for its analysis. Aim: To investigate whether ATR-FTIR, combined with multivariate analyses, can be used to characterize and distinguish the biochemical profile of athletes before and after a cycling test. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 10 cyclists performing a 20 km time trial. Results: The results revealed that ATR-FTIR, in conjunction with pattern recognition approaches, allowed the identification of biochemical differences between pre- and post-test moments. After the removal of two outlier samples, principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a distinct separation in the fingerprint region of the spectrum. An analysis using a Monte Carlo sampling associated with genetic algorithm-based discriminant analysis (MC-GA-LDA) identified specific spectral regions related to these differences, indicating that the athletes’ physiological variations were reflected in the spectra. The most relevant regions were in the bands of 1338-1308, asymmetric C-H stretching that can be assigned to amide III bond, and 1125-1108, asymmetric C-O stretching assigned to lactate biomolecule. These results demonstrate the sensitivity of ATR-FTIR in detecting metabolic changes and suggest its applicability as a tool for monitoring physiological responses. The technique can be useful in personalized training load monitoring and the identification of specific performance, fatigue, or physiological stress markers. Conclusion: ATR-FTIR technique combined with multivariate analyses can be a promising approach to characterize and distinguish the biochemical profile of athletes in response to physical stimuli.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Leandro dos Santos, Marcia Helena Cassago Nascimento, Leonardo Barbosa Leal, Ian Manhoni Baiense, Ana Luiza de Castro Lopes, Amanda Piaia Silvatti, Richard Diego Leite, Valerio Garrone Barauna
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