El asma como factor de riesgo para la infección por COVID-19 en niños: una revisión integradora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33233/eb.v22i4.5284Palabras clave:
asma, covid-19, niños, factores riesgoResumen
Introducción: El mundo vive una realidad provocada por la pandemia del SARS-Cov-2 y sus variantes. Uno de los factores agravantes para un paciente con COVID-19 es la presencia de alguna comorbilidad, entre ellas el asma. Objetivo: Analizar los estudios realizados sobre el asma y el COVID-19 en niños, describir la evidencia encontrada hasta el momento. Métodos: Consiste en una revisión integrativa de la literatura, con una pregunta guía elaborada a través de la estrategia PICO. Resultados: 18 artículos conformaron la muestra final ya que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y fueron derivados de la base de datos Medline vía Pubmed. Conclusión: La comprensión de la relación entre la infección por SARS-CoV-2 y el asma en pediatría aún es incipiente, sin embargo, la evidencia sugiere que no es un factor de riesgo para la infección y aún puede ser un factor protector. Sin embargo, una investigación más extensa con muestras más grandes es esencial para un mejor análisis.
Citas
Strabelli TMV, Uip DE. COVID-19 and the Heart. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020 Apr;114(4):598-600. English, Portuguese. doi: 10.36660/abc.20200209
Ruan Q, Yang K, Wang W, Jiang L, Song J. Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China. Intensive Care Med. 2020;46(5):846-8. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x
WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard [Internet]. World Health Organization. 2022. [citado 2022 Set 12]. Disponível em: https://covid19.who.int/
Terry PD, Heidel RE, Dhand R. Asthma in adult patients with COVID-19. Prevalence and Risk of Severe Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021;203(7):893-905. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202008-3266OC
Global Initiative for Asthma. Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention, 2022 [Internet]. [citado 2022 Set 12]. Disponível em: www.ginasthma.org
Swartz MK, Meadows-Oliver M. Clinical outcomes of a pediatric asthma outreach program. J Nurse Pract. 2019;15(6):e119-e121. doi: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2019.01.012
Galvão CM, Sawada NO, Trevizan MA. Revisão sistemática: recurso que proporciona a incorporação das evidências na prática da enfermagem. Rev Latino-Am Enfermagem. 2004;12(3):549-56. doi: 10.1590/S0104-11692004000300014
Silveira RCCP. O cuidado de enfermagem e o cateter de Hickman: a busca de evidências [Dissertação]. Ribeirão Preto: Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto; 2005.
Methley AM, Campbell S, Chew-Graham C, McNally R, Cheraghi-Sohi S. PICO, PICOS and SPIDER: a comparison study of specificity and sensitivity in three search tools for qualitative systematic reviews. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014;14:579. doi: 10.1186/s12913-014-0579-0
Moher D, Shamseer L, Clark M. Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev. 2015;4(1). doi: 10.1186/2046-4053-4-1
Castro-Rodriguez JA, Forno E. Asthma and COVID-19 in children: A systematic review and call for data. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2020;55(9):2412-18. doi: 10.1002/ppul.24909
Boechat JL, Wandalsen GF, Kuschnir FC, Delgado L. COVID-19 and pediatric asthma: clinical and management challenges. Int J Environ Res. Public Health 2021;18(3):1093. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031093
Chatziparasidis G, Kantar A. COVID-19 in children with asthma. Lung. 2021;199(1):7-12. doi: 10.1007/s00408-021-00419-9
Abrams EM, Shaker M, Greenhawt M. School attendance, asthma risk, and COVID-19 in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(6):2145-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.03.006
Tagarro A, Cobos-Carrascosa E, Villaverde S, Sanz-Santaeufemia FJ, Grasa C, Soriano-Arandes A, et al. Clinical spectrum of COVID-19 and risk factors associated with severity in Spanish children. Eur J Pediatr. 2022;181(3):1105-15. doi: 10.1007/s00431-021-04306-6
Brough HA, Kalayci O, Sediva A, Untersmayr E, Munblit D, Del Rio PR, et al. Managing childhood allergies and immunodeficiencies during respiratory virus epidemics – The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic: A statement from the EAACI-section on pediatrics. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2020;31:442-8. doi: 10.1111/pai.13262
Farzan S, Rai S, Cerise J, Bernstein S, Coscia G, Hirsch JS, et al. Asthma and COVID-19: An early inpatient and outpatient experience at a US children's hospital. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2021;56(8):2522-2529. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25514
Kompaniyets L, Agathis NT, Nelson JM, Preston LE, Ko JY, Belay B, et al. Underlying medical conditions associated with severe COVID-19 illness among children. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(6):e2111182. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.11182
Gaietto K, Freeman MC, DiCicco LA, Rauenswinter S, Squire JR, Aldewereld Z, et al. Asthma as a risk factor for hospitalization in children with COVID-19: A nested case-control study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2022;33(1):e13696. doi: 10.1111/pai.13696
Beken B, Ozturk GK, Aygun FD, Aydogmus C, Akar HH. Asthma and allergic diseases are not risk factors for hospitalization in children with coronavirus disease 2019. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021 May;126(5):569-75. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.01.018
Amat F, Delaisi B, Labbé JP, Leonardi J, Houdouin V. Asthma may not be a risk factor for severe COVID-19 in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021;9(6):2478-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.03.046
Brindisi G, Zicari AM, Parisi GF, Diaferio L, Indolfi C, Marchese G, et al. Prevalence of COVID-19 in children affected by allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma: results from the second “SIAIP rhinosinusitis and conjunctivitis committee” survey. Ital J Pediatr. 2022;48(1). doi: 10.1186/s13052-021-01198-y
Sousa BLA, Brentani A, Ribeiro CCC, Dolhnikoff M, Grisi SJFE, Ferrer APS, et al. Non-communicable diseases, sociodemographic vulnerability and the risk of mortality in hospitalised children and adolescents with COVID-19 in Brazil: a cross-sectional observational study. BMJ Open 2021;11:e050724. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050724
Bandi S, Nevid MZ, Mahdavinia M. African American children are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2020 Oct;31(7):861-4. doi: 10.1111/pai.13298
Kara AA, Böncüoğlu E, Kıymet E, Arıkan KÖ, Şahinkaya Ş, Düzgöl M, et al. Evaluation of predictors of severe-moderate COVID-19 infections at children: A review of 292 children. J Med Virol. 2021;93(12):6634-40. doi: 10.1002/jmv.27237
Rai N, Cornett JA, Zachariah P, Quittell L, Lovinsky-Desir S. Severe respiratory viral infections in children with history of asymptomatic or mild COVID-19. Pediatric Pulmonology. 2022; 57:361-6. doi: 10.1002/ppul.25752
Ibrahim LF, Tosif S, McNab S, Hall S, Lee HJ, Lewena S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 testing and outcomes in the first 30 days after the first case of COVID-19 at an Australian children's hospital. Emerg Med Australas. 2020;32(5):801-8. doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.13550
Abrams EM, Szefler SJ. Managing Asthma during Coronavirus Disease-2019: An Example for Other Chronic Conditions in Children and Adolescents. J Pediatr. 2020;222:221-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.04.049
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Vânia Chagas da Costa, Manoela Pires Barreto, Maria Clara Cordeiro Andrade, Sabrina Mayara da Silva Lopes, Monique Maria de Lima Nascimento, Fernanda Portela de Carvalho, Ana Célia Oliveira dos Santos
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
