Estimulação elétrica transcraniana nos transtornos depressivos: determinação de parâmetros para a prática clínica

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33233/fb.v22i5.4229

Palavras-chave:

terapia por estimulação elétrica; estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea; estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua; transtorno depressivo; sintomas depressivos

Resumo

Introdução: A estimulação elétrica transcraniana (EET) é uma técnica de neuromodulação não invasiva, que tem sido utilizada como coadjuvante no tratamento de transtornos depressivos devido à sua capacidade de modificar a excitabilidade cortical. Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos da EET nos transtornos depressivos e propor parâmetros para a prática clínica. Métodos: Estudo de revisão sistemática no qual foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados que utilizaram a EET no tratamento dos transtornos depressivos, publicados entre 2010 e junho de 2018, nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa. Resultados: Foram encontrados 14.775 estudos, sendo selecionados para a amostra apenas 15 trabalhos. Todos os estudos selecionados utilizaram a EET por corrente contínua e apresentaram semelhanças em relação aos demais parâmetros elétricos de tratamento e locais de aplicação dos eletrodos. Em 12 dos 15 estudos avaliados foi observada melhora significativa (p < 0,05) dos sintomas depressivos e, em relação aos efeitos adversos, constatou-se que são inferiores aos tratamentos convencionais. Conclusão: A EET apresenta eficácia no tratamento dos transtornos depressivos e que isto está diretamente relacionado ao uso adequado dos parâmetros e técnicas de aplicação da corrente elétrica.

Biografia do Autor

Carlos Batista Coêlho, PUC Minas

Fisioterapeuta graduado pela Pontifí­cia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), ICBS, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Danielle Piazzi Rezende, PUC Minas

Fisioterapeuta graduado pela Pontifí­cia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), ICBS, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Dayanne Rodrigues dos Santos, PUC Minas

Fisioterapeuta graduado pela Pontifí­cia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), ICBS, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Isadora Laboriê Ferreira Martins, PUC Minas

Fisioterapeuta graduado pela Pontifí­cia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), ICBS, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Vivian Natália Mariano Nunes de Miranda, PUC Minas

Fisioterapeuta graduado pela Pontifí­cia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), ICBS, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil

Angélica Rodrigues de Araújo, PUC Minas

Ft., doutora em bioengenharia e mestre em engenharia mecânica, docente do departamento de Fisioterapia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais (PUC Minas), ICBS, Belo Horizonte, MG

 

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2021-11-11