Influência da idade no prognóstico do desmame de pacientes idosos em ventilação mecânica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33233/fb.v11i4.1413Abstract
Com a diminuição das taxas de natalidade e de mortalidade, a população brasileira vem experimentando maior expectativa de vida e envelhecimento. Acompanhando o aumento da sobrevida, os idosos passaram a desenvolver doenças crônico-degenerativas, maior hospitalização e internação em unidade terapia intensiva (UTI), indicação de ventilação mecânica por maior incidência de insufi ciência respiratória aguda e dificuldade do seu desmame. Com este estudo de revisão, objetivamos avaliar o impacto da idade sobre a ventilação mecânica e o seu desmame em pacientes idosos internados em terapia intensiva, consultando os artigos e periódicos da Capes, Mdconsult, Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, Bireme e Pubmed, publicados no período de janeiro de 1990 a março de 2009. Controvérsias são encontradas nos resultados da literatura científica, embora alguns estudos não demonstrem ser a idade o principal fator de pior prognóstico, mas sim as comorbidades, gravidade da doença no momento da internação e o tempo de ventilação mecânica. Novas pesquisas devem ser realizadas em idosos ventilados artificialmente, pois ainda são escassas as informações sobre essa população e os cuidados oferecidos a esses pacientes devem encorajar os profi ssionais de saúde a investir no desmame da ventilação mecânica.
Palavras-chave: idoso, terapia intensiva, ventilação mecânica, desmame da ventilação mecânica.
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