Iontophoresis and phonophoresis in the treatment of low back pain: A comparative clinical trial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33233/fb.v23i5.5178Keywords:
low back pain, physical therapy, phonophoresis, iontophoresisAbstract
Introduction: Non-specific low back pain from a multifactorial etiology is characterized by persistent pain (> 3 months) and gradual loss of function/functionality. As it affects both sexes and is highly prevalent in the working population, it is an important cause of absenteeism. Objective: To compare the clinical evolution of patients diagnosed with non- specific low back pain treated with magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) associated with iontophoresis (I) and MgSO4 associated with phonophoresis (F). Methods: In this clinical trial, pain sensation was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and McGill pain questionnaire. The Roland-Morris Brasil Low Back Disability Questionnaire was the instrument used to assess functionality. The sample consisted of 24 patients sequentially divided into two groups (I: 11 and F: 13). The clinical evolution of the patients (pre-post difference) was compared at the end of the interventions. Results: There was a significant reduction in pain sensation (I: -55%, p = 0.001; F: -27%, p = 0.08) and improvement in functionality in both groups (I: -54%, p = 0.001; F: -55%, p = 0.02), but no significant difference was observed between the groups. The results pooled in a meta-analysis to assess flexibility, functionality and strength outcomes also demonstrate similarity between the interventions. Conclusion: Given the clinical conditions studied, both techniques can achieve similar results. Although there are no data to support the recommendation of one technique in place of the other, further studies may increase the sample size and better clarify some trends of superiority observed in pain treatment with MgSO4 associated with iontophoresis.
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