Cognitive function, eating behavior and neuroimaging studies in obese: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33233/fb.v24i4.5528Keywords:
obesity, electroencephalogram, cognition, functional magnetic resonance imagingAbstract
Background: Obesity is a multifactorial disorder influenced by hormonal, dietary, behavioral, emotional, attentional, and cognitive control factors that interfere with the balance between energy intake and expenditure. The association of obesity with cognitive decline, brain functional and structural damage, and early neurodegenerative processes has been observed. Objective: This systematic review aimed to identify activated cortical areas in obese individuals and investigate the role of cognitive impairment in interfering with eating behavior. The most frequently used neuroimaging and brain mapping methods to evaluate these processes were also identified. Methods: We searched for studies published between 2006 and 2021 in the indexed databases PUBMED, LILACS, and SCIELO. Observational studies that compared obese individuals (body mass index > 30 kg/m²) and nonobese individuals were selected. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) Quality Assessment of Observational Cohort and Cross-sectional Studies was used for methodological quality analysis. Results: The literature search returned 22,484 relevant titles. After applying the eligibility criteria, 154 articles were selected, and of these, 11 were analyzed in this review. In the analysis, the groups studied showed differences in reaction time, accuracy, or inactivated brain areas during tests or stimulation with food images. Conclusion: Structural changes compatible with impairments in long-term cognitive performance were identified, as well as structural and functional changes that may help understanding the compulsive eating behavior present in obese individuals.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Jaqueline Peixoto Lopes, Emanoele Anastácia da Silva Araujo Melo, Frederico Barreto Kochem, Ana Carolina Nader Vasconcelos Messias, Marco Orsini, Victor Hugo do Vale Bastos, Julio Guilherme Silva, Cristiane Sousa Nascimento Baez Garcia, Luciana Moisés Camilo, Mauricio de Sant Anna Junior
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